Tuesday, November 9, 2021

Pharmacognosy-III Descriptive Type Questions (Topicwise)

 

Descriptive Question Bank

Alkaloids and Biosynthesis

 

Difficult

 

1.      Discuss Opium with respect to collection, preparation, chemical constituents, uses and different types.

2.      Diagrammatically represent life cycle of Ergot and outline biosynthesis of Lysergic acid.

3.      Write biological source, chemical constituents with structure of constituent responsible for the activity of crude drugs containing tropane nucleus. Write chemical test used to detect Tropane nucleus.

4.      Outline the general method of extraction of alkaloids write the principal involved at every step. Give biological sources of any two amino alkaloids.

 

Easy and Moderate

 

1.      Give an account of any two drugs containing Purine alkaloids.

2.      Write a short note on any two drugs containing Pyridine-Piperidine.

3.      Discuss morphology, microscopy & chemical constituents of a drug used as antihypertensive.

4.      Discuss collection, chemical constituents, uses, source & chemical test of a crude drug used as antimalarial.

5.      Define the following with suitable examples

·         True alkaloids

·         Pseudoalkaloids

·         Proto alkaloids

·         Glycoalkaloid

6.      Give a detailed account of isolation of piperine.

7.      Kurchi is a recurved bark-Justify on basis of morphology & microscopy of the bark.

 

Standardization of herbal drugs using various marker compounds

 

Difficult

 

1.      Discuss, with suitable examples, various chromatographic techniques used for  the standardization of crude drugs.

 

Easy and Moderate

 

1.      Discuss stability testing of herbal medicines with suitable examples.

2.      Enumerate with suitable examples different kind of marker compounds & their role in standardization.

3.      Discuss challenges involved in standardization of crude drugs.

4.      What are factors affecting stability of herbal products? Why is stability testing of herbal drugs important?

 

Steroidal and Triterpenoidal Glycosides

 

1.       Give biological source, chemistry and commercial applications of Dioscorea

2.      Give biological source, cultivation, chemistry and any two marketed formulations of a cardenolide.

3.      Write an account of extraction, identification and analysis of any one constituent of liquorice.

4.      Classify cardiac glycoside with suitable examples. Write a note on cultivation, collection and uses of Squill.

5.      Diosgenin is commercially important phytoconstituent; justify.

6.      Give biological source and chemistry of

a.       A drug used as brain tonic in Indian traditional medicine

b.      A pentacyclic triterpenoid drug used as expectorant and demulcent.

7.      Discuss chemistry and therapeutic uses of (Give chemical structure of two phytoconstituents of each drug)

a.       Ginseng

b.      Asparagus

Detailed study of Flavonoids and Coumarins

1.      Classify flavonoids (Draw the chemical skeleton of each subclass). Write a note on biopotential of orange peel.

2.      Write source and chemistry of

a.       A drug used in vitiligo

b.      A phenylpropanoid used as anticancer

3.      Write a note on Soyabean and Rutin

Regulatory Issues - ASU formulations, patent and proprietary medicine and Phytopharmaceuticals

1.      Differentiate between patent and proprietary medicines. Write a note on ASU regulations.

2.      Write a note on schedule T & Y.

3.      What are phytopharmaceuticals? Write a note on regulations of phytopharmaceuticals.

 

Study of herbal formulations & Ayurvedic formulations

1.      Discuss a novel herbal formulation with suitable example.

2.      With two suitable examples explain the detoxification of ayurvedic drugs.

3.      With two suitable examples explain the detoxification of ayurvedic drugs.

4.      Give an account of regulatory issues for ASU formulations.

5.      Give an account of liquid oral ayurvedic formulations.

 

Glycoprotein

 

Easy and Moderate

1.      What are glycoproteins? Give its applications. Discuss pea with respect to glycoproteins present in it.

Difficult

1.      Give an account on Castor as a glycoprotein.

 

Glycosides

 

Easy and Moderate

1.                  Discuss in detail pharmacognosy of Senna.

2.                  Write a short note on – Isothiocyanate glycosides.

3.                  Write a short note on – Cyanogenetic glycosides.

4.                  Give a detailed account on -Aloe.

Difficult

1.      Explain the method of isolation of Aloe emodin. Enumerate the biosynthesis of amygdaline.

Interactions with DONO

 

Easy and Moderate

1.      Explain in brief characterization of Citral using spectroscopic techniques.

2.      Write a short note on -Spectroscopic characterization of Gallic acid.

Monograph of herbal drugs & excipients in Indian Pharmacopoeia

Easy and Moderate

1.      Discuss the representative monograph of any one herbal drug as per Indian Pharmacopoeia.

2.      Discuss the representative monograph of any one herbal excipient as per Indian Pharmacopoeia.

 

Difficult

1.      Compare the herbal drug monograph of any two Pharmacopoeia.

Pharmacognosy -III Topicwise MCQ with Answers -Question Bank

TOPICWISE MCQ’s

Alkaloids

1)      Alkaloid belonging to benzylisoquinoline group

A.    Quinine

B.     Emetine

C.     Physostigmine

D.    Ajmaline

2)       

This is a precursor for which of the following alkaloids

A.    Ergot alkaloids

B.     Opium alkaloids

C.     Vinca alkaloids

D.    Ipecac Alkaloids

3)      Hyoscamine and scopalamine differ in their structure by presence of

A.    Epoxide group in hyoscamine

B.     Epoxide group in Scopalamine

C.     Carboxylic group in hyoscamine

D.    Carboxylic group in scopalamine

 

 

4)      Which of the following alkaloids is derived from aliphatic aminoacid?

A.    Connesinne

B.     Caffeine

C.    Atropine

D.    Aconite

5)      An alkaloidal extract when  heated with nitric acid followed by addition of potassium hydroxide and acetone yielded purple colour. Hence, it can be concluded to contain which of the following alkaloid

A.    Puriene

B.     Quinine

C.    Tropane

D.    Ergot

6)      A drug used to treat malaria is………..

A.   Vasaka

B.   Cinchona

C.   Vinca

D.   Nux vomica

7)      A snake shaped root is:

A.   Ashwagandha

B.   Sarpagandha

C.   Aconite

D.   Liquorice

8)      The pharmacological use of opium is:

A.   Stimulant

B.   Narcotic analgesic

C.   Emetic

D.   Galactagogue

9)      Diacetyl derivative of morphine is

A.    Codeine

B.     Papaverine

C.    Heroin

D.    Thebaine

 

 

10)   Which compound is showing the most potent analgesic property?

A.    Codeine

B.     Papaverine

C.    Heroin

D.    Thebaine

11)  Which of the following may be used as a marker compound for standardization of Rauwolfia?

A. Ajmalicine

B. Quinine

C. Emetine

D. Lysergic acid

12)  An alkaloid containing tropolane or cycloheptatrien-ol-one ring is

A. Reserpine

B. Colchicine

C. Vincristine

D. Cocaine

13)  A heterocyclic aromatic organic compound that consists of a Pyrimidine ring fused to an imidazole ring is

A. Atropine

B. Vasicine

C. Strychnine

D. Caffeine

14)  Which of the following crude drug is used to lift mood?

A. Cocoa

B. Ashwagandha

C. Cinchona

D. Solanum

15)  The process of curing is used in Harvesting of

A. Vinca

B. Kurchi

C. Tobacco

D. Coffee

 

 

16)  Mossing & Coppicing are practiced for cultivation & Collection of

A. Cinchona

B. Senna

C. Ashwagandha

D. Arjuna

17)  Which of the following is derived from condensation of dopamine with secologanin?

A.    Cephaeline

B.     Quinine

C.     Pilocarpine

D.    Conessine

18)  Ester of trimethoxycinnamic acid is

A. Rescinnamine

B. Syrosingopine

C. Vindoline

D. Hyoscine

19)  The name St. Anthony’s fire is associated with

A. Colchicum

B. Fenugreek

C. Ergot

D. Ephedra

20)  p-dimethyl aminobenzaldehyde is used in preparation of…..

A. Mayer’s reagent

B. Van Urk’s reagent

C. Hager’s reagent

D. Gold beater’s reagent

21)  Opium capsules are incised vertically in the afternoon with the help of specific needle like apparatus called

A. Nushtur

B. Charphala

C. Nupur

D. Fork Knife

 

 

 

Biosynthesis

22)  Biosynthetic origin for emetine is

A.    Lucienne

B.     Tryptophan

C.    Tyrosine

D.    Isoleucine

 

23)  Starting compounds in biosynthesis of quinine include

A.    Phenyl alanine and secologanine

B.     Phenyl alanine and geraniol

C.    Tryptophan and Secologanin

D.    Tyrosine and geraniol

24)  Atropine is a racemic mixture of

A. +,-, Hyoscyamine

B. +,-, Hyoscine

C. +,-, Hygrine

D. +,-, Tropane

25)  Opium contains salts of one of the following acid

A.  Meconic acid

B.  Lysergic acid

C.  Quinovic acid

D.  Fulvic acid

26)  Isoquinoline alkaloid is found in:

A.   Solanum

B.   Berberis

C.   Vasaka

D.   Cocoa

27)  Caffeine is a:

A.   Tropane alkaloid

B.   Indole alkaloid

C.   Purine alkaloid

D.   Quinoline alkaloid

 

Standardization of herbal drugs using various type of markers with examples.

28)  Which of the following major challenge is faced in preparation of herbal formulation:

A.   Weighing

B.   Drying

C.   Labelling

D.   Measuring

 

29)  Detoxification of drugs in Ayurveda is:

A.   Drying of drugs

B.   Cultivation of drugs

C.   Reducing drug toxicity

D.   Standardization of drugs

30)  Which of the following is an NDDS of Herbal medicine?

A.   Herbal Tablet

B.   Herbal Capsule

C.   Herbal cream

D.   Herbal Liposomes

31)  A method of quantification of the biomarkers and/ or chemical markers and the fingerprint profiles in Herbal drug research is called as ………….

A. Calibration

B. Authentication

C. Cultivation

D. Standardization

32)  Most important aspect of Standardization of crude drug is

A. Quantification of active constituent

B. Qualitative analysis of crude drug

C. Determining Physical constant of drug

D. Determining the geographical source of drug

33)  The identification, purity and quality of herbal drugs are determined by

A. References of analytical methods given in a pharmacopoeia

B. Performing pilot studies.

C. references mentioned in journal publications

D. comparing values obtained by any chromatographic method.

34)  Chromatography can be used in herbal drug studies for

A. Herbal drug Cultivation

B. Herbal drug garbling

C. Herbal drug quality assurance.

D. Herbal drug Adulteration

35)  The idea of standardization and quality control of drugs can be found even in the ancient Ayurveda texts

A. Yes

B. No

C. Maybe

D. Can’t Say.

36)  A technique in large scale employed in pharmaceutical industry in process development, identification and detection of adulterants in herbal product and helps in identification of pesticide content, mycotoxins and in quality control of herbs

A. UV-Vis

B. HPTLC

C. GC-MS

D. LC-NMR

37)  The purpose of a stability testing is to provide proof on

A. How the quality of the herbal products varies with the time under the influence of environmental factors

B. quality of seeds used during cultivation

C. quality of excipients used in formulation

D. quantity of drug adulteration.

38)  Simultaneous estimation of actives is a boon for standardization of…….

A. Polyherbal Formulations

B. Adulterated Drugs

C. Authenticated Drugs

D. Indigenous Drugs.

39)  Which of the following method helps in determining shelf life of an herbal formulation?

A. Herbal drug standardization

B. Stability testing of Herbals

C. Herbal drug adulteration

D. Herbal drug authentication

Miscellaneous

 

40)  A cardiac glycoside containing drug is:

A.  Liquorice

B.  Diosgenin

C.  Digitalis

D.  Fenugreek

41)  The aglycone part of a saponin is called

A.   Apigenin

B.   Conessine

C.   Sapogenin

D.   Nor conessine

42)  Monodesmosidic, bidesmosidic, etc nomenclature depends on

A.   Number of Isoprene units

B.   Number of amino acid units

C.   Number of peptides

D.   Number of Saccharide chains

43)   Liquorice contains:

A.   Pentacyclic triterpenoids

B.   Tetracyclic triterpenoids

C.   Tropane alkaloids

D.   Ouabegenin

44)   Which of the following is used to commercially to synthesize steroidal molecule?

A.    Ginseng

B.     Dioscorea

C.     Brahmi

D.    Ephedra

45)  Dried roots of Ginseng are obtained from:

A.   Panax purpurea

B.   Panax Cinnamon

C.   Panax limonis

D.   Panax ginseng

 

 

46)  Which of the following is used as a memory enhancer?

A.   Cinchona

B.   Brahmi

C.   Aloe

D.   Garlic

47)  Which of the following contains a toxic glycoprotein?

A. Castor

     B. Pea

     C. Oats

     D. Bitter Almond

 

48)   Dimeric phenylpropanoids are called:

A. Glycoproteins

B. Lignan

C. Glycoalkaloids

D. Tannins

49)  Which of the following drug is also called as St Johns’ wort:

A. Aloe

B. Hypericum

C. Rubia

D. Wild Cherry Bark

50)  Which of the following drugs action is enhanced by interaction with Ginkgo biloba

A.   Digoxin

B.   Warfarin

C.   Penprocouman

D.   Benzodiazepine

51)  In Mass spectroscopic analysis Gallic acid shows base peak at

A. 145

B. 125

C.170

D.189

 

Steriodal and Triterpenoidal glycosides

 

52)  Triterpene saponins are usually derivatives of

A.   β-amyrine  

B.   Amino acids

C.   Lysergic acid

D.   Truxillic acid

53)  The liqourice owes most of its sweet taste to

A.   Glycyrrhizin

B.   Chalcone glycosides

C.   glabrocoumarone

D.   Isoliquiritigenin

54)  Dammarol is

A.   Aglycon of Ginsenosides

B.   Aglycon of panaxosides

C.   Glycoside of panaxosides

D.   Glycoside of Ginsenosides

55)  Acetyldigitoxose is present in

A.   Lanatosides  A

B.   Digoxin

C.   Digitoxin

D.   Glucoverodoxin

56)  Digitalis leaves should be dried below 60 degree Celsius as its potency decreases due to

A.   Dehydration of C-14 OH group to give inactive anhydro-form

B.   Hydrolysis of glycosides

C.    Reduction of digitoxose

D.   Isomerization of the active compound

57)  Tetracyclic and pentacyclic terpenoids are subclasses of

A.    Saponins

B.     Tannins

C.     Alkaloids

D.    Flavonoids

 

58)   Dioscin is

A.    Steroidal Saponin

B.     Steroidal Sapogenin

C.     Pentacyclic saponin

D.    Pentacyclic saponin

59)  Chikusetsusaponins are present in

A.    Ginseng

B.     Brahmi

C.     Digitalis

D.    Fenugreek

60)  Hecogenin is major chemical constituent of

A.    Fenugreek

B.     Colchicum

C.     Solanum

D.    Dioscorea

61)  Six member lactone ring is present in

A.    Scillarin

B.     Digitoxin

C.     Digoxin

D.    Gitaloxin

62)  Scillabiose on hydrolysis   gives

A.    Rhamnose +Glucose

B.     Glucose+Glucose+Rhamnose

C.     Glucose+Glucose

D.    Rhamnose+Rhamnose

63)   ___________ is preferred in the treatment of congestive heart failure

A.    Reserpine

B.     Ephedrine

C.    Digoxin

D.    Digitoxin

64)  ___________  is commonly called as Himalayan Ginseng

A.    Panax japonicus,

B.     Panax pseudoginseng

C.     Panax quinquefolius

D.    Panax trifolius

65)  Following compound is

A.    Scillaren A

B.     Proscillaridin A

C.     Scillaridin A

D.    Kaempferol

66)  Asiaticosides are present in

A.    Brahmi

B.     Foxglove

C.     Kurchi

D.    Ginseng

67)  The glycoside present in the red squill is known as

a.      Scilliroside

b.      Citrin

c.       Scillaren A

d.      Proscillaridin

68)  Source for bufadienolide is

A.    Squill

B.     Digitalis

C.     Centella

D.    Rhubarb

69)  __________________ test is  used for identification of digitoxose sugar

A.    Keller killiani’s

B.     Legal’s

C.     Baljet’s

D.    Liebermann Burchard

 

70)  Following is used as galactogogue

A.    Shatavari

B.     Brahmi

C.     Vasaka

D.    Tea

71)  Shatavarin I-IV are the phytoconstituents obtained from

A.     Asparagus recemosus

B.     Centella asiatica

C.     Urginea maritima

D.    Trigonella foenum graecum

72)  ____________ is used as an immunomodulating agent

A.    Ginseng

B.     Ephedra

C.     Datura

D.    Kurchi

73)  Fenugreek belongs to family_______________

A.    Leguminosae

B.     Liliaceae

C.     Scrophulariaceae

D.    Apocynaceae

74)  __________ of Urginea maritima are used as a source for phytoconstituents

A.    Bulbs

B.     Roots & Rhizome

C.     Stolons

D.    Whole herb

75)  Brahmi belongs family_______________

A.    Umbelliferae

B.     Acanthceae

C.     Rannunculaceae

D.    Solanaceae

 

 

 

 

Detailed study of Flavonoids and Coumarins

 

76)  Aglycon of rutin is

A.    Quercetin

B.     Quercitin

C.     Cirantin

D.    Anthracene

77)  Bergapten is also known as

A.    5-Methoxypsoralen

B.     Panaxoside

C.     8-methylpsoralen

D.    Colchicoside

78)   Following structure is a

A.    Isoflavone

B.     Flavone

C.     Flavanone

D.    Flavonol

79)   Buckwheat is the common name of

A.    Fagopyrum esculentum

B.     Ruta graveolens

C.     Cassia angustifolia

D.    Rheum emodii

80)  __________________is used to decrease the capillary fragility

A.    Rutin

B.     Psoralen

C.     Emodein

D.    Aloin

81)  ______________ contains furanocoumarins

A.    Psoralea corylifolia

B.     Cassia angustifolia

C.     Rheum emodii

D.    Digitalis purpurea

82)  ___________ is the most predominant flavonoid in orange peel

A.    Hesperidin

B.     Ephedrine

C.     Citric acid

D.    Pectin

83)  Lignans are

A.    Biphenylpropanoid

B.     Phenylalanine

C.     Phenylpropene

D.    Coumarins

84)  Etoposide is semisynthetic derivative of

A.    Podophyllotoxin

B.     Podophyllotoxone

C.     α- peltatin

D.    β-peltatin

85)  Test for identification of flavonoids

A.    Shinoda

B.     Murexide

C.     Vitali Morin’s

D.    Salkowski

 

Regulatory Issues - ASU formulations, patent and proprietary medicine and Phytopharmaceuticals

 

86)  AYUSH introduced Rule 158(B) which made the requirement of proof of effectiveness for licensing of a patent or proprietary

A.    ASU medicine

B.     Phytopharmaceuticals

C.     There is no such rule

D.    AYUSH looks into standardization only

87)  Ayurveda, Siddha, and Unani (ASU) drugs are regulated under

A.    Chapter IVA of D&C Act and Rules

B.     Chapter VA of D&C Act and Rules

C.     Schedule M

D.    Schedule R

88)  Proprietary medicine

A.    Are controlled by individual

B.     Are not controlled by individual

C.     Don’t contain secret active ingredient

D.    Controlled by Schedule M

89)  Schedule T is for

A.    GMP of ASU drugs

B.     Export of ASU drugs

C.     Import of ASU drugs

D.    Clinical trials of ASU drugs

90)  Requirements on guidelines on clinical trials for import and manufacturing of new drugs

A.    Schedule Y

B.     Schedule S

C.     Schedule J

D.    Schedule A

91)  Department of AYUSH deals with

A.    Ayurveda, Siddha Unani and phytopharmaceuticals

B.     Only phytopharmaceuticals

C.     Only ayurvedic formulations

D.    Only unani formulations

 

Study of herbal formulations & Ayurvedic formulations

 

92)  Phytopharmaceuticals are under the purview of __________

A.    Central Drugs Standards Control Organization

B.     AYUSH

C.     Wealth of India

D.    Ministry of health and family welfare

93)  Standard of self- generated alcohol for Asava & Arishtas

A.    Not more than 12% v/v

B.     Not less than 12% v/v

C.     Equal to12% v/v

D.    Cannot be measured

94)  Arista is prepared by

A.    Decoction of drugs is used for fermentation with jaggery

B.     Fine powder of drugs is used for fermentation with jaggery

C.     Decoction of drugs is used no fermentation

D.    Fine powder of drugs is used no fermentation

95)  Taila

A.    Have color, odor and taste of the drugs used

B.     Are fermented products

C.     Are Semisolid in nature

D.    Is Non ayurvedic formulation

96)  Sodhana is

A.    Purification

B.     Standardization

C.     Compression to form tablet

D.    Synthesis

97)  ____________ is a semisolid preparation of drugs, prepared by addition of jaggery, sugar or sugar candy and boiled with prescribed drug juice or decoction

A.    Avaleha

B.     Churna

C.     Arista

D.    Asava

 

98)  Herbal formulations are advantageous over synthetic ones because

A.    They are comparatively safe

B.     Easy to formulate

C.     Easily available

D.    Highly stable

99)  Gutika is

A.    Solid dosage form

B.     Semisolid dosage form

C.     Liquid dosage form

D.    Fermented formulation

100)          Phytosome is different than liposome as

A.    Active chemical constituents are anchored thorough chemical bonds to polar head.

B.     Active chemical constituents are dissolved in the medium.

C.     Size is small.

D.    It is a NDDS formulation

101)          ___________ are the powdered forms of a substance obtained by calcination.

A.    Bhasmas

B.     Ghrita

C.     Avaleha

D.  Churna

 

Glycoprotein

102)          A toxic protein, Ricin, is present in…………

A.    Oat

B.     Cabbage

C.     Pea

D.    Castor seeds

103)          Glycoproteins are ………

A.    Acetal derivatives formed when a monosaccharide reacts with an alcohol

B.     Carbohydrate binding proteins

C.     Toxic steroidal glycosides

D.    Macromolecular complexes of lipids and proteins

104)          Botanical source of oat is…………

A.    Avena sativa

B.     Alium sativa

C.     Coriandrum sativa

D.    Pisum sativum

105)          Lectins are ………

A.    Glycoproteins

B.     Proteolytic enzymes

C.     Protein hydrolysates

D.    Lipoproteins

106)          Ricin is  ………

A.    Lipoprotein

B.     Proteolytic enzyme

C.     Protein hydrolysate

D.    Type-II ribosomal inactivating protein

Glycosides

107)          Senna mainly contains…………

A.    O-type glycoside

B.     C-type glycoside

C.     S-type glycosides

D.    O-type glycosides

108)          Which drug is under the chemical class of cyanogenetic glycoside?

A.    Bitter almond

B.     Black mustard

C.     Digitalis

D.    Rhubarb

109)          The drug showing antidepressant property …………

A.    Rhubarb

B.     Aloe

C.     Liquorice

D.    St. John’s Wort

110)          Modified Borntragers test is used for identification of one of the following drugs.

A.    Digitalis

B.     Dioscorea

C.     Senna

D.    Aloe

111)          The botanical source of Black mustard is ……………

A.    Brassica nigra

B.     Brassia alba

C.     Brassica oleracea

D.    Cassia angustifolia

112)          Amygdaline is a chief constituent of …………

A.    Bitter almond

B.     Wild cherry bark

C.     Rubia

D.    Hypericum

113)          Botanical source of Alexandrian senna is……..

E.     Cassia angustifolia

A.    Cassia acutifolia

B.     Cassia tora

C.     Cassia obtusifolia

114)          Presence of star spots is the characteristic of drug…………..

A.    Senna

B.     Hypericum

C.     Rubia

D.    Rhubarb

115)          ……… is a red dye found in the roots of the madder plant.

A.    Aloe emodin

B.     Alizarin

C.     Sennosides

D.    Hypericin

116)          The substitute for aloe is …………...

A.    Cape aloe

B.     Socotrine aloe

C.     Curacao aloe

D.    Natal aloe

117)          Thioglycosides abundantly found in family.

A.    Cruciferae

B.     Liliaceae

C.     Leguminosae

D.    Rubiaceae

118)          Grignard’s reaction is used for identification of ……………..

A.    Anthracene glycosides

B.     Isothiocyanate glycosides

C.    Cyanogenetic glycosides

D.    Saponin glycosides

119)          ……… is the precursor for the biosynthesis of Amygdalin.

A.    L-Phenyl alanine

B.     Ornithine

C.     Tyrosine

D.    Tryptophan

120)          Rhein is an example of   ………

A.    Anthraquinones with carboxylic acid

B.     Anthraquinones without carboxylic acid

C.     Anthrone

D.    Dianthrone

121)          Borntrager’s test involves ……………of glycosides.

A.    Oxidation

B.     Hydrolysis

C.     Reduction

D.    Esterification

122)          Glycosides can be extracted from crude drug using……….

A.    Manskes method

B.     Stass Otto method

C.     Distillation method

D.    pH gradient method

Interactions with DONO

123)          Milk reduces the absorption of digitalis - Identify the type of Food-Herb interaction…………

A.    Pharmacokinetic interaction

B.     Pharmacodynamic interaction

C.     Synergistic interaction

D.    Antagonistic interaction

124)          Guar gum decreases absorption of metformin - Identify the type of herb drug interaction……

A.    Pharmacokinetic interaction

B.     Pharmacodynamic interaction

C.     Synergistic interaction

D.    Antagonistic interaction

125)          When the herb ephedra is taken with MAO inhibitors, one possible effect is

A.    CNS Stimulation

B.     Depressed MAO inhibitors

C.     Increased risk of arrythmias

D.    Potentiated MAO inhibitors

126)          One herb potentiates the activity of another drug - Identify the type of herb drug interaction……

A.    Pharmacokinetic interaction

B.     Pharmacodynamic interaction

C.    Synergistic interaction

D.    Antagonistic interaction

127)          When the herb Ma Huang is taken with hypoglycemics, the result may be

A.    Decreased hypoglycemic effects

B.     Increased fluid retention and potential for increased blood pressure

C.     Increased bile secretion and loose stool

D.    Increased hypoglycemic effect

128)          When the herb Ginseng is taken with antipsychotic drug, a possible result is

A.    Stimulated CNS activity

B.     Depressed CNS activity

C.     Coma like states

D.    No impact on CNS activity

129)          When the herb Ginger is taken after chemotherapy, one possible effect is

A.    Antagonized antihypertensive effect

B.     Weakened immune response

C.    Reduced nausea associated with chemotherapy

D.    Increased nausea

130)          When the herb Garlic is taken with anti-hyperlipidemics, a possible result is

A.    Potential for additive hypotention

B.     Decreased effectiveness due to increased acid secreation

C.    Additive lipid lowering properties

D.    Reduced nausea

131)          When the herb St. John’s Wort is consumed with opioids or alcohols, the effect may be ……..

A.    Increased breakthrough bleeding

B.     Enhanced sedative effect

C.     Reduced sedative effect

D.    Increased photosensitivity

Spectroscopy

132)          Citral is …………

A.    Diterpenoid

B.     Monoterpenoid

C.     Triterpenoid

D.    Iridoid

133)          Rutin is  ………

A.    Phenylpropanoid

B.     Flavonoid

C.     Alkaloid

D.    Irridoid

134)          Gallic acid is…….

A.    3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid

B.     4,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid

C.     3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid

D.    3, 5-dihydroxybenzoic acid

135)          UV-VIS spectra of gallic acid in water shows the absorbance maxima at………

A.    215 nm and 265 nm

B.     205nm

C.     250nm

D.    425nm

136)          UV-VIS spectra of Citral shows the absorbance maxima at………

A.    210nm

B.     236nm

C.     280nm

D.    350nm

137)          The presence of conjugated aldehyde group in the citral is revealed by…….

A.    UV-spectroscopy

B.     Mass spectroscopy

C.     Proton NMR spectroscopy

D.    C13 NMR spectroscopy

Monograph of herbal drugs & excipients in Indian Pharmacopoeia

(Included questions from Alkaloids)

138)          A critically reviewed comprehension on Herbal drugs published in a book for Primary reference is called

A.    Primary standard

B.     Drug Monograph

C.     Herbarium sheet

D.    Review paper

139)          As per Indian Pharmacopoeia, Category under herbal drug monograph means?

A.    Therapeutic or Prophylactic use

B.     Chemical class of drug

C.     Botanical source of the drug

D.    Description of the drug

140)          The precursor for the biosynthesis of indole alkaloid is............ …………

A.    Phenylalanine

B.     Tryptophan

C.     Tyrosine

D.    Ornithin

141)          Which of the following drug contains peptide type of alkaloids?

A.    Digitalis

B.     Dioscorea

C.     Vinka

D.    Ergot

142)          One of the following is a volatile alkaloid

A.    Nicotine

B.     Rutin

C.     Piperine

D.    Caffeine

143)          The botanical name of black pepper is…………

A.    Piper nigrum

B.     Piper longum

C.     Clavicep purpuria

D.    Brassica nigra

144)          Which one of the following drugs is useful in diabetes?

A.    Berberis

B.     Cinchona

C.     Ipecac

D.    Hypericin

145)          Pilocarpine chemical structure contains…………...

A.    Piperidine ring

B.     Lactone ring

C.     Furan ring

D.    Xanthine ring

146)          Glaucoma is treated using…………...

A.    Atropine

B.     Pilocarpine

C.     Quinine

D.    Emetine

147)          Purine alkaloids are identified by……………..

A.    Grignard test

B.     Murexide test

C.     Thallioquin test

D.    Borntragers test

148)          Oxytocic principle present in Vasaka is………

A.    Vasicine

B.     Volatile oil

C.     Adhatodic acid

D.    Betaine

149)          Following is an example of pentacyclic triterpenoid..

A.    Ginseng

B.     Dioscorea

C.     Asparagus

D.    Senna

150)          Quinoline alkaloids are identified by……………..

A.    Grignard test

B.     Murexide test

C.    Thallioquin test

D.    Borntragers test